“An Efficient Synthesis of Hybrid Chalcone And Acetyl Pyrazoline Derivatives As Potent Antimycobacterial And Antimicrobial Agents”

Abstract

The continuous increase of bacteria and viruses that are able to withstand antibiotics is a major problem for human health across the world. We must find new ways to treat these infections immediately. There is an urgent need to investigate new chemical scaffolds and hybrid molecules that may provide improved effectiveness, as many widely used antibiotics and antimycobacterial medicines are losing some of their effectiveness. To enhance the therapeutic benefits of many bioactive substances, one potential approach to drug design is to synthesize hybrid molecules that integrate their pharmacophores. Particularly in the fields of antibacterial and antimycobacterial therapies, hybrid chalcone and acetyl pyrazoline derivatives have attracted a lot of interest owing to their varied biological activities.
Chalcones are naturally occurring chemicals that belong to the flavonoid family. They have shown a broad range of biological actions, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimalarial characteristics. They can be easily modified chemically and used to produce new derivatives due to their very adaptable α, β-unsaturated ketone system and simple chemical structure. The capacity of chalcones to bind with DNA of bacteria and fungi, block enzymes, and disrupt microbial cell membranes is the main explanation for their biological activity. Chalcones are thought to be great starting points for novel antimicrobial agents because of their structural flexibility and wide range of activities.(Cheng et al., 2020)
Conversely, pyrazolines are heterocyclic molecules with five carbon atoms that have shown strong biological activity, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. The capacity of pyrazoline derivatives to suppress the development of infectious microbes including mycobacteria, fungus, and bacteria has led to a surge in their popularity. Chalcone scaffolds may have their antibacterial action amplified by adding a pyrazoline component to them. In particular, acetyl pyrazoline derivatives offer promising new avenues for antimicrobial research due to their enhanced effectiveness against a wide range of resistant bacterial strains.